introduction

The World Wide Web offers scholars at all levels in the university system access to new tools and to remote information. We all know that to do appropriate research and to preserve the integrity of another author's work, we must cite -- as completely as possible -- the information we use when writing a paper. As George Hoemann notes, we cite for three primary reasons: "1) intellectual honesty; 2) as a guide for their readers and colleagues to the full context of the material consulted; and 3) to be sure that the information conveyed is accurate."

Citing online or electronic sources is often difficult because of the complexity of the web and the lack of resources to do appropriate electronic citing.

Listed below are links to several of the most accessed and most frequently used guidelines for citing online and electronic sources. Please also note that the Manual of the American Psychological Association (4th edition) and the Manual of the Modern Language Association (5th edition) also provide information on citing online and electronic sources.

Walker, Janice
The Columbia Guide to Online Style: MLA-Style Citations of Electronic Sources
http://www.cas.usf.edu/english/walker/mla.html


Crane, Nancy
Electronic Sources: MLA Style of Citation
http://www.uvm.edu/~ncrane/estyles/mla.html

Michael N. Salda
Citing Electronic Materials with the New MLA Guidelines
http://www-dept.usm.edu/%7Eengdept/mla/rules.html

apa

Crane, Nancy
Electronic Sources: APA Style of Citation
http://www.uvm.edu/~ncrane/estyles/apa.html

Walker, Janice
The Columbia Guide to Online Style: APA-Style Citations of Electronic Sources
http://www.cas.usf.edu/english/walker/apa.html

Arnzen, Michael A. (1996). Cyber citations: Documenting Internet sources presents some thorny problems. Internet World, 7(9). Available: http://www.internetworld.com/print/monthly/1996/09/cybercitations.html [1998, September 28].

Harnack, Andrew, and Gene Kleppinger. (1996). Beyond the MLA Handbook: Documenting electronic sources on the Internet. Available: http://falcon.eku.edu/honors/beyond-mla/ [1998, September 28].

Web Extension to American Psychological Association Style (WEAPAS): Proposed standard for referencing online documents in scientific publications. (1998). Available: http://www.beadsland.com/weapas/ [1998, September 28].

Hoemann, George. (1998). Electronic style: The final frontier. http://funnelweb.utcc.utk.edu/~hoemann/whats.html [1998, September 28].